Aerobic rice, a new approach of rice cultivation suryavanshi priyanka 1, baghel jites h 2 and subhash bab u 3 1 college of agriculture, depart ment of agrono my, p. Among the cereals, rice requires more amount of water could be successfully cultivated with 600 to 700 mm of for per unit of dry matter production. Aerobic rice cultivation on adoption of water saving technologies. Introduction rice is the second most important crop which brings economic prosperity of the growers as well as earns billions of rupees through its export for country.
A twofold difference was found among aerobic genotypes in grain yield and zn uptake. Grain yield and resource use e and lowland rice cultivars. Furthermore, aerobic rice cultivation has another fig. Rice was cultivated in fields using four water management treatments, including flooded, alternating wetting and drying with one drydown or. It entails the growing of rice in aerobic soil, with the use of external inputs such as supplementary irrigation and fertilizers and. Aerobic rice cultivation is an advanced way of cultivation by reducing water wastage. Rice is 3rd highest worldwide production, after sugarcane and maize. Pdf water shortage is becoming severe in many ricegrowing areas in the world, prompting the introduction of watersaving aerobic rice. Rnaseq reveals the involvement of key genes for aerobic adaptation in rice. Aerobic rice requires almost half the water needed to grow conventional varieties, said mr shashidhar. India is one of the worlds largest producers of rice. Irrigated upland or aerobic rice ecosystems there were efforts in the 1980s to develop and popularize the irrigated upland rice or aerobic rice production in brazil using.
For thousands of years, farmers successfully leveraged paddy cultivations unique environment to maximize both irrigation and weed control advantages. Aerobic rice technology is a new technology of cultivating rice in the world to facing the problem of water scarcity. Aerobic rice requires less labour than continuous flooded rice and can be highly mechanized yogendra, 2009. Present day conventional method of rice cultivation utilises 5,000 litres of water for producing one kg. Owing to increasing water scarcity, a shifting trend towards less water demanding crops against rice is noticed in most part. The promising herbicides in aerobic rice were preemergence pretilachlor at 0. In an aerobic rice system, the crop can be dry directseeded or transplanted and soils are kept aerobic throughout the growing season. Aerobic rice also reduces labor requirement and greenhouse gaseous emission from rice field. In aerobic rice cultivation, rice is cultivated as direct sown in nonpuddle aerobic soil under supplementary irrigation and fertilizer with suitable high yielding rice varieties. Hence, the aerobic rice should be focused primarily on efficient weed management to make aerobic rice cultivation more efficient in terms of returns on farmer investments and use of water resources. The increasing shortage of water resources has led to the development and adoption of aerobic rice system, which saves water input and increases water productivity by reducing water use during land preparation and limiting seepage, percolation, and evaporation. Ecofriendly and water saving technology under changed climate jana k 1, karmakar r, banerjee s 2, sana m, goswami s1 and puste am2 1directorate of research, bidhan chandra krishi viswavidyalaya, india 2department of agronomy, bidhan. For aerobic rice total water in summer and entirely on rainfall in wet cultivation, furrow irrigated raised bed seems to be season 2.
The usual way of planting aerobic rice is the same as we would plant the other cereal. Rice is the most important food crop of india covering about onefourth of the total cropped area and. This kind of shift in rice cultivation is needed to cope with the water scarcity as well as to maintain the ground. With a good management, the system aims for yields of at least 46 tons per hectare. The impacts of more aerobic rice cultivation on rice methylmercury concentrations are uncertain. Higher number of filled grains per panicle was observed with system. Pdf aerobic rice, a new approach of rice cultivation researchgate. Aerobic rice is a new concept to further decrease water requirements in rice production. This kharif season, due to monsoon deficit in karnataka, the government had recommended farmers to not go for paddy cultivation. Aerobic rice cultivation system is the method of cultivation, where the rice crop is. Aerobic rice cultivation on adoption of water saving technologies and improving agronomic practices during summer season in india. Aerobic rice variety arb6 was released while he was at uasgkvk and has shown excellent results. Limited water availability is a major constraint for cultivation of rice oryza sativa l. Aerobic rice cultivation provides feasible alternative to traditional rice production in these regions, allowing significant water savings.
Aerobic rice varieties are now being developed that have drought tolerance as well as high yielding ability. Irrigation can be provided with interval of 45 days and time of irrigation can be adjusted based on the soil type and moisture availability. It can be irrigated like direct sown crops like maize, jowar and bajra. Aerobic rice is a new way of cultivating rice that requires less water than lowland rice. Rice genotypes including aerobic rice and lowland rice differ in degree of response to low zn supply. Impact of aerobic rice cultivation on growth, yield, and. From flooded to aerobic conditions in rice cultivation. Aerobic rice genotypes displayed greater adaptation to. One such strategy is supplementary irrigation and high external inputs cultivation of rice under aerobic situation. Aerobic way of growing rice saves water by eliminating continuous. Aerobic rice is a production system in which especially developed aerobic rice. Apeda is providing the necessary guidance to the farmers and also extending incentives to encourage organic cultivation and export of rice.
It entails the growing of rice in aerobic soil, with the use of external inputs such as supplementary irrigation and fertilizers and aiming at high yields wang et al. Out of these, aerobic rice is considered to be one of the most promising strategies in terms of watersaving tuong and bouman, 2002. There is no specific rice variety for the aerobic rice planting. Aerobic rice cultivation provides feasible alternative to traditional rice production. Roughly half of the worlds smallholder farmers are women, and women and girls make up 6080% of the entire labor force in food processing and agrifood systems. How best the water can be managed in aerobic rice cultivation.
Aerobic rice cultivation provides feasible alternative to traditional rice production in these regions, allowing signifi cant water savings. Pdf aerobic rice genotypes displayed greater adaptation. Although the recently released upland rice cultivars have higher drought tolerance, low yield potential of these cultivars makes them less feasible for highyielding rice planting regions under aerobic cultivation. E shashidhar, has developed aerobic rice variety and farming practice that doesnt. In the heart of the ricewheat belt in india haryana, the punjab, and uttar pradesh, innovative farmers are pioneering growing rice aerobically under furrow irrigation in raisedbed systems ladha et al 2000. Performance of aerobic rice yield under furrow irrigated. A similar rationale for focusing on rice adaptation to aerobic soils. Ecofriendly and water saving technology under changed climate jana k 1, karmakar r, banerjee s 2, sana m, goswami s1 and puste am2 1directorate of research, bidhan chandra krishi viswavidyalaya, india 2department of agronomy, bidhan chandra krishi viswavidyalaya, india submission. Aerobic rice has the potential to replace transplanted flooded rice, as rice cultivation is seriously threatened by environmental and social factors.
New challenges and technological opportunities for rice. Aerobic rice has traditionally been grown in lowinput systems, but as fresh water for irrigation becomes increasingly scarce, aerobic rice cultivation is expected to expand into regions with more. Effect of aerobic rice on changes in soil properties peng et al. Field experiments were conducted at the angr university agricultural research station, india during 20092010 and 20102011 to compare crop growth, yield, and. Read more about aerobic rice cultivation to save water on business standard. Table 1 effect of moisture regimes and planting techniques on grain yield of rice under aerobic condition in conservation agriculture grain yield t ha1. What are the varieties for dry or aerobic rice cultivation.
Aerobic rice crop does not require continues flooding. As against 5,000 litres of water required to produce one kg of conventional rice, the aerobic rice requires between 2,0002,500 litres, mr shashidhar said adding the crop could also be grown in low rainfall areas. Aerobic rice cultivation on adoption of water saving. In the present investigation, experiments were conducted to see if the waterefficient aerobic rice genotypes. Cultivation of suitable high yielding rice varieties in direct sown, nonpuddle, aerated soils under supplementary irrigation and fertilizers to achieve high yield is called aerobic rice. Pdf aerobic rice, a new approach of rice cultivation. Dairy processing plant project report, setup cost, profit. Aerobic rice is the latest technology that reduces water inputs by growing rice as any other irrigated upland crop joshi et al. The concept of aerobic rice holds promise for farmers in watershort irrigated. Basmati rice is regularly exported to other countries. Aerobic rice is a production system in which especially developed aerobic rice varieties are grown in welldrained, nonpuddled, and nonsaturated soils. Significantly lower number of productive tillersm2 was observed under aerobic rice cultivation.
Water scarcity and drought have seriously threatened traditional rice cultivation practices in several parts of the world including india. Akpokodje etal 2001 stated that rice cultivation is virtually carried out in all the. A new development in water saving technology is the concept of aerobic rice. Rice plants actually prefer drip irrigation rice has the extraordinary ability to grow in anaerobic conditions. In the present investigation, experiments were conducted to see if the waterefficient aerobic rice genotypes developed at uas, bangalore mas25, mas26 and mas109 and irri, philippines masarb25 and masarb868, are endowed with drought tolerance or not. But, like most other grains, its optimal environment is actually aerobic. Aerobic rice can be found, or can be a suitable technology, in the. Field experiments were conducted at the angr university. With regard to panicle length, all the systems of rice cultivation were comparable except aerobic rice. In this study, typical lowland rice cultivars huanghuazhan and yangliangyou6 were evaluated for grain yield and resource use e ciencies under aerobic cultivation as compared with upland rice cultivars lvhan1 and hanyou3. Hettel head, communication and publications services. Aerobic rice cultivation it is a newly developed concept to. Agronomy free fulltext grain yield and resource use.
Aerobic rice cultivation system juniper publishers. Aerobic rice cultivation to save water business standard. It indicates that aerobic rice may be a viable option where the shortage of water does not allow the growing of lowland rice. Pakistani fine rice commonly known as basmati is world famous. Aerobic rice is a sustainable rice peoduction technology for the immediate future to address water scarcity and environmental safety in the scenario of global warming. Rnaseq reveals the involvement of key genes for aerobic.
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